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Año 1 - Nº 4 - Noviembre 2006

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Código de Conducta sobre la Seguridad de los Reactores de Investigación
IAEA,  Multilingual Full Text, 2006, 120 p.

El objetivo del presente Código es lograr y mantener un alto grado de seguridad de los reactores de investigación en todo el mundo mediante la mejora de las medidas nacionales y la cooperación internacional, incluida, cuando proceda, la cooperación técnica relacionada con la seguridad. Este objetivo se alcanzará mediante unas condiciones de explotación apropiadas, la prevención de

accidentes y, en caso de que se produzcan, la mitigación de sus  consecuencias radiológicas con el fin de proteger a los trabajadores, los miembros del público y el medio ambiente contra los peligros de la radiación.

extraído de:

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7380

Magnox decision document
Department for Environment Food, and Rural Affairs, UK, August 2006, 123 p.

This document sets out the decisions of the Secretary of State For Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Secretary of State For Health, (“the Ministers”) and the National Assembly For Wales, (NAW), under the Radioactive Substances Act 1993 and the Ministers under the Justification of Practices Involving Ionising Radiation Regulations 2004, (the 2004 Regulations), concerning the 

applications of British Nuclear Fuels plc, (BNFL), to dispose of or accumulate radioactive wastes on or from Magnox sites and the Environment Agency’s decisions and recommendations with regard to the applications.

The decision concerns the applications of British Nuclear Fuels plc to dispose of radioactive waste from the following Magnox Nuclear Power Stations; Berkeley, Bradwell, Dungeness A, Hinkley Point A, Oldbury, Sizewell A, Trawsfynydd and Wylfa.

extraído de:
http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/radioactivity/government/decisions/index.htm

Radiation Protection in the Design of Radiotherapy Facilities 
IAEA, 2006, 129 p.

This Safety Report provides practical guidance regarding the design and shielding of radiotherapy facilities. Methods for determining the necessary structural shielding for external beam units (60Co units, linear accelerators, superficial and orthovoltage units, and simulators), as well as brachytherapy units, are described. Data used for 

determining the structural shielding necessary for all types of radiotherapy facilities are reproduced and example calculations are provided for each type of facility. In addition, specific design features that could be incorporated into radiotherapy facilities, including those related to the security of radioactive sources, are discussed. This report is intended to be used primarily by radiological physicists in the planning and design of new radiotherapy facilities and in the remodelling of existing facilities. Sections of the report will also be of interest to architects, civil engineers, hospital administrators and others who are concerned with the design of radiotherapy facilities. In addition, the guidance in the report will be useful to regulatory personnel responsible for the licensing and inspection of these facilities.

extraído de:
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7197

European Citizens’ Opinions towards Radioactive Waste: an Updated Review
European Commission, Directorate General for Energy and Transport, Unit Nuclear Energy and Radioactive Waste, Jun 2006, 15 p.

The Eurobarometer is a major policy instrument that enables citizens’ views to be taken into account in the framing of Community policies and initiatives. The 2005 survey on radioactive waste highlighted the central importance of taking decisions and 

finding more acceptable management solutions, especially in order for nuclear energy to be a real option for the public. The survey underlined the relatively low level of knowledge on this issue and highlighted major gaps in the perception of risk. Citizens also wanted to be involved in decisions and acknowledged the role to be played by the EU in this field.

extraído de:
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/nuclear/waste/doc/2006_06_nucelar_waste_update_review_en.pdf

Medidas para fortalecer la cooperación internacional en materia de seguridad nuclear, radiológica y del transporte y de gestión de desechos
IAEA, Informe del Director General, 15 de agosto de 2006, 44 p.

De conformidad con las resoluciones GC(48)/RES/10.D y GC(49)/RES/9, se presenta, para su examen por la Junta de Gobernadores y la Conferencia General, un informe sobre los siguientes temas: Exámenes reglamentarios, sistemas 

reglamentarios eficaces y redes de seguridad; Programa de normas de seguridad del Organismo; Seguridad de las instalaciones nucleares; Seguridad radiológica; Seguridad en la gestión de desechos radiactivos; Clausura en condiciones de seguridad de instalaciones nucleares y de otro tipo que utilizan materiales radiactivos;  Enseñanza y capacitación en seguridad nuclear, radiológica, del transporte y de los desechos; Seguridad tecnológica y física de las fuentes radiactivas;  Seguridad del transporte; Preparación y respuesta

extraído de:
http://www.iaea.org/About/Policy/GC/GC48/Resolutions/Spanish/gc48res10_sp.pdf

 

A Review of Commercial Radionuclide Calibrators
The UK's National Measurement Laboratory, July 2005, 33 p.

Radionuclide Calibrators are used in nuclear medicine departments to assay the radioactive content of radiopharmaceuticals prior to administration to the patient. The aim of the measurement is to ensure that the patient receives the lowest practicable radiation dose compatible with obtaining a good quality image for diagnostic purposes or with delivering the required dose to the tumour in therapeutic use. It is a condition of the license to use

radiopharmaceuticals (ARSAC certificate) that are activity administered is within 10% of the prescribed activity. This implies that the Radionuclide Calibrators should have an accuracy better than this - perhaps around 5%. This report summarises the results from tests of commercial Radionuclide Calibrators to verify the accuracy of such measurements if the instrument is used 'as is' from the manufacturer. Nine commercial Radionuclide Calibrators were obtained from the manufacturers for testing. Each chamber was tested using samples of typical radionuclides used in nuclear medicine (18F, 00Cr, 67Ga, 99mTc, 111In, 123I, 125I, 131I, 201TI). Each nuclide was dispensed into common formats (2ml BS ampoule, 10R Schott vial, 2 ml BD syringe, 5 ml BD syringe and P6 vial). The results show that some instruments do meet the 5% specification on accuracy for a range of radionuclides and sample formats. However, some instruments give readings that are significantly in error (up to 90% wrong), others show systematic discrepancies for all the radionuclides tested. The conclusion is that experimental verification of the accuracy of commercial Radionuclide Calibrators is essential when used in the clinical setting.

extraído de:
http://www.npl.co.uk/ionrad/publications/#reports2006

 

Personal Protective Equipment
IAEA, 18 May 2004, 71 p.

Occupationally exposed workers need to have a basic awareness and understanding of the risks posed by exposure to radiation and the measures for managing these risks. To assist persons who have a responsibility to provide the necessary education and training of these workers, the series of Practical Radiation Technical Manuals (PRTMs) was created. Personal protective equipment is used

when it is not reasonably practicable to provide complete protection by other means. Adequate personal protection depends on the protective equipment being correctly selected, fitted and maintained. Appropriate training for the users and arrangements to monitor usage are also necessary to ensure the intended degree of protection. This manual explains the principal types of personal protective equipment, including protective clothing and respiratory protective equipment, and describes how to use this equipment within a safe system of work. 

extraído de:

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/PRTM-5_web.pdf

Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material 
IAEA International Law Series No.  2, 2006, 158 p.

This publication brings together in a more convenient format the official records and other relevant documents relating to the negotiations on the Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material. The Amendment makes it legally binding for States Parties to protect nuclear facilities and material in peaceful

 domestic use, storage and transport. It also provides for expanded cooperation between and among States regarding rapid measures to locate and recover stolen or smuggled nuclear material, mitigate any radiological consequences of sabotage, and prevent and combat related offences. The Amendment constitutes an important milestone in the global efforts to combat nuclear terrorism.

extraído de:
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1275_web.pdf