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Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: Goals, Strategies, and Challenges
U.S. Committee on the Internationalization of the Civilian Nuclear Fuel Cycle, 2009, 160 p.
The so-called nuclear renaissance has increased worldwide interest in nuclear power. This potential growth also has increased, in some quarters, concern that nonproliferation considerations are not being given sufficient attention. In particular, since introduction of many new power reactors will ...
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Extraído de:
http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12477
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The Use of Reference Man in Radiation Protection Standards and Guidance with Recommendations for Change
Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, December 2008, 46 p.
A major new study released today shows that U.S. radiation exposure regulations and compliance assessment guidelines often fail women and children because they are based on “Reference Man,” a hypothetical 20 to 30 year old “Caucasian male”. At least three federal agencies -- the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and Department of Energy (DOE) -- still use Reference
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Man in radiation dose regulations and compliance assessment, including the Clean Air Act and some safe drinking water rules, despite evidence that it fails to adequately protect many groups. “The use of Reference Man standard is pervasive in U.S. radiation protection regulations and compliance guidelines,” said Arjun Makhijani, Ph.D., author of the report and president of the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER). “This is wrong because it often fails to adequately protect groups other than young, adult white males. Children, for instance, frequently get larger, and hence more dangerous, doses of radiation from the same environmental conditions. Moreover they often have a higher risk of cancer per unit of dose. In such cases, they suffer a double whammy – greater dose and greater risk per unit of dose. Reference Man needs to be replaced with a framework that better protects all members of the public.”
Extraído de:
http://www.ieer.org/campaign/pressrel090107.pdf
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Development of Knowledge Portals for Nuclear Power Plants
IAEA Nuclear Energy Series, 2009, 38 p.
This publication supports earlier IAEA publications on knowledge management in proposing guidelines for the development of a knowledge portal for nuclear power plants (NPPs) and covers the main design principles and the typical content of such a knowledge portal. The information provided is based upon actual experiences of NPP operating organizations in Member States as well as of other related industries |
Extraído de:
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7893
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ITER presents the United States and its international partners with the opportunity to explore new and exciting frontiers of plasma science while bringing the promise of fusion energy closer to reality. The ITER project has garnered the commitment and will draw on the scientific potential of seven international partners, China, the European Union, India, Japan, the Republic
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of Korea, Russia, and the United States, countries that represent more than half of the world's population. The success of ITER will depend on each partner's ability to fully engage itself in the scientific and technological challenges posed by advancing our understanding of fusion.
In this book, the National Research Council assesses the current U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) plan for U.S. fusion community participation in ITER, evaluates the plan's elements, and recommends appropriate goals, procedures, and metrics for consideration in the future development of the plan. |
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HPA Advice on the Application of ICRP´s 2007 Recommendations to the UK
Health Protection Agency (HPA), August 2008, 61 p.
The Health Protection Agency (HPA) advises UK bodies with responsibility for protection against radiation, on the applicability to the UK of recommendations issued by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). After a consultation process lasing several years, ICRP has issued new recommendations for a system of radiological protection (ICRP 1007a). These recommendations replace the previous recommendations issued in 1991 (ICRP 1991a). HPA is
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developing its advice on the applicability of the 2007 Recommendations to the UK and this consultation document contains HPA´s proposals.
A key proposal for consultation is that HPA recommends that dose constraints lower than 0.15 mSv per year should be set for members of the public for a single new source.
Twenty five questions are posed in the document but views on any othe relevant aspects would be welcome. Responses should be sent to John Cooper (john.cooper@hpa.org.uk) to arrive no later than 14 November 2008.
Extraído de:
http://www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1219302576026 |
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High Dose Radiation Effects and Tissue Injury
Health Protection Agency (HPA) UK, March 2009, 108 p.
This report is based on work conducted by the AGIR Subgroup on High Dose Radiation and Tissue Effects. The report reviews the scientific and medical evidence of the effects of exposure to high doses of ionising radiation and what health detriment these effects bring about. It also considers the available treatments and other actions available to ameliorate such effects. Uniquely the report also considers the psychological effects in both those exposed to high doses of radiation and those who may be called upon to treat the exposed people. |
Extraído de:
http://www.hpa.org.uk/webw/HPAweb&HPAweb
Standard/HPAweb_C/1237362785060?p=1199451989432
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A Strategy for Nuclear Energy Research and Development
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), December 2008, 16 p.
This report outlines the significant nuclear energy research and development (R&D) necessary to create options that will allow government and industrial decision-makers to set policies and create nuclear energy initiatives that are decisive and sustainable.
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Extraído de:
https://inlportal.inl.gov/portal/server.pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_1646_
20286_0_0_18/EPRI-INL_Strategy_for_Nuclear_Energy_RD_Dec2008_Final.pdf
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Strategies for Clinical Implementation and Quality Management of PET Tracers
IAEA, 2009, 197 p.
This publication presents strategies for the clinical implementation and quality management of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. PET methodologies, which visualize in vivo biochemical, physiological and pharmacological processes, have revolutionized patient diagnosis and care. These technologies have opened up novel possibilities for non-invasive medical procedures and individualized patient management. The ultra-short half-lives of PET tracers, together |
with the busy and demanding nature of clinical settings, add to the complexities and create a need for more robust quality management programmes. This publication focuses on the clinical setting, and was compiled following several IAEA consultants meetings and individual expert contributions. It aims to raise awareness of the issues involved and suggest means to reduce risk. The purpose of the guidelines is to encourage a proactive approach to each aspect of parametric release and propose practical test methods for each criterion for parametric acceptance, thereby helping to ensure the quality of PET products.
Extraído de:
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7983
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Greener Plants, Grayer Skies? A report from the front lines of China's energy sector
Massachusets Institute of Technology (MIT), August 2008, 54 p.
A detailed analysis of powerplants in China by MIT researchers debunks the widespread notion that outmoded energy technology or the utter absence of government regulation is to blame for that country's notorious air-pollution problems. The real issue, the study found, involves complicated interactions between new market forces, new commercial pressures and new types of governmental regulation.
China's power sector has been expanding at a rate roughly |
equivalent to three to four new coal-fired, 500 megawatt plants coming on line every week, said Edward S. Steinfeld, associate professor of political science at MIT.
After detailed survey and field research involving dozens of managers at 85 power plants across 14 Chinese provinces, Steinfeld and his co-authors, Richard Lester (professor, nuclear science and engineering and director of the MIT Industrial Performance Center) and Edward Cunningham (doctoral candidate, political science) found that in fact most of the new plants have been built to very high technical standards, using some of the most modern technologies available. The problem has to do with the way that energy infrastructure is being operated and the types of coals being burned.
New market pressures encourage plant managers to buy the cheapest, lowest quality and most-polluting coal available, while at the same time idle expensive-to-operate smokestack scrubbers or other cleanup technologies. The physical infrastructure is advanced, but the emissions performance ends up decidedly retrograde.
Extraído de: http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2008/china-energy-1006.html |
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Radiation Protection and Radioactive Waste Management in the Design and Operation of Research Reactors
IAEA Safety Standards Series, 2009, 104 p.
This Safety Guide provides guidance on radiation protection and radioactive waste management programmes for research reactor facilities. It identifies important components that should be considered at the design stage with regard to facilitating radiation protection and radioactive waste management. It also recommends good practices in implementing operational radiation protection and radioactive waste management programmes and in their optimization. |
Extraído de:
http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PubDetails.asp?pubId=7996 |
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